Although the dating of Surah Qalam indicates differences among the commentators who consider its descent to be Meccan or Meccan-Madani, but there is almost no difference between them in the audience of this surah. So that everyone agrees on this issue that the audience of this surah are the polytheists of Mecca, and they even consider the revelation of the verses that introduce exceptions and civility to be related to the polytheists of Mecca. Meanwhile, the collection of words in the field of literature, as well as the reference to the two stories of "Ashab al- Jannah" and "Saheb Al-Hawt" which are related to the People of the Book, indicate the presence of another group of audience alongside the polytheists of Mecca. Using the method of historical reconstruction, the audience analysis of Surah Qalam provides information about the type of audience of this Surah, which has been neglected by commentators and Quran scholars. The findings of this research indicate that Jews from the Namousian sect are present next to the polytheists of Mecca as the secondary audience of this surah. The words of this sura, which is about writing, the descent of the story of the owners of the garden, which refers to the people of the book, the intertextuality of the story of the owner of Alhut with the Torah, and the matching of the characteristics of the middle verses of this sura with the people of the book, all confirm the presence of this minority in in Mecca.
aqadoosti, E. and ahmadnezhad, A. (2025). The Prophet's first interactions with the People of the Book based on the dating and audience of Surah Qalam. Ketab-E-Qayyem, (), -. doi: 10.30512/kq.2024.21707.3898
MLA
aqadoosti, E. , and ahmadnezhad, A. . "The Prophet's first interactions with the People of the Book based on the dating and audience of Surah Qalam", Ketab-E-Qayyem, , , 2025, -. doi: 10.30512/kq.2024.21707.3898
HARVARD
aqadoosti, E., ahmadnezhad, A. (2025). 'The Prophet's first interactions with the People of the Book based on the dating and audience of Surah Qalam', Ketab-E-Qayyem, (), pp. -. doi: 10.30512/kq.2024.21707.3898
CHICAGO
E. aqadoosti and A. ahmadnezhad, "The Prophet's first interactions with the People of the Book based on the dating and audience of Surah Qalam," Ketab-E-Qayyem, (2025): -, doi: 10.30512/kq.2024.21707.3898
VANCOUVER
aqadoosti, E., ahmadnezhad, A. The Prophet's first interactions with the People of the Book based on the dating and audience of Surah Qalam. Ketab-E-Qayyem, 2025; (): -. doi: 10.30512/kq.2024.21707.3898
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