Ketab-E-Qayyem

Ketab-E-Qayyem

Comparative Study of the Meaning of "Rukūn to the Oppressors" in Verse 113 of Surah Hud

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
1 PhD student of Quranic Sciences and Hadith, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran. E-mail: milad.monshi7888@gmail.com
2 Professor, Department of Quranic Sciences and Hadith, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran. E-mail: almirjalili@meybod.ac.ir
Abstract
Verse 113 of Surah Hud prohibits rukōn (inclination/support) toward oppressors and sets punishment for it. Shi’a and Sunni commentators have differing views on the intended meaning of the phrase "alladhīna ẓalamū" (those who wronged) in this verse, necessitating a comparative study of the perspectives of the two schools. This research is conducted with an analytical-comparative method to examine the interpretations of Shi’a and Sunni exegetes regarding rukōn toward oppressors in Verse 113 of Surah Hud, identify the points of agreement and disagreement between the two views, and determine the most accurate interpretation of the verse.The findings indicate that both Shi’a and Sunni commentators define rukōn as an inclination or trust accompanied by desire and willingness, with some providing specific examples. Many Sunni exegetes interpret "alladhīna ẓalamū" in this verse as referring to polytheists or disbelievers, thereby permitting cooperation with oppressive Muslim rulers. In contrast, Shi’a commentators argue that "alladhīna ẓalamū" is a general term encompassing all oppressors, whether Muslim or non-Muslim. Both schools agree that trusting oppressors leads to divine punishment and that God will not aid those who rely on oppressors.
Keywords
Subjects

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  • Receive Date 15 June 2025
  • Revise Date 12 August 2025
  • Accept Date 14 August 2025